These Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ for NEET covers all possible questions which are most important to your upcoming NEET, AIIMS and various other medical entrance exams. Here, we composed these Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ for NEET from NCERT books and previous years question papers.
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- An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the southern hybridization technique does not use
(A) Electrophoresis
(B) Blotting
(C) Autoradiography
(D) PCR
Answer: PCR
- In vitro clonal propagation in plants is characterized by
(A) PCR and RAPD
(B) Northern blotting
(C) Electrophoresis and HPLC
(D) Microscopy
Answer: PCR and RAPD
- Which vector can be clone only a small fragment of DNA?
(A) Bacterial artificial chromosome
(B) Yeast artificial chromosome
(C) Plasmid
(D) Cosmid
Answer: Plasmid
- Commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing are
(A) T- DNA
(B) BAC and YAC
(C) Expression vectors
(D) T/A cloning vectors
Answer: BAC and YAC
- Which of the following is a plasmid?
(A) pBR322
(B) BamH-I
(C) Hind-III
(D) EcoRI
Answer: pBR322
- Restriction endonucleases are must widely used in recombinant DNA technology. They are obtained from
(A) Bacteriophages
(B) Bacterial cells
(C) Plasmids
(D) All Prokaryotie Cells
Answer: Bacterial cells
- Viral genome incorporated into host DNA is called
(A) Prophase
(B) Prophage
(C) Bacteriophage
(D) None of these
Answer: Prophage
- Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are
(A) Crown gall bacterium and Conorhabditis elegens
(B) Escherichia coli to Agrobacterium tumifaciens
(C) Vibria choleraeand a tailed bacteriphage
(D) Dipococens species and psendomonasap
Answer: Escherichia coli to Agrobacterium tumifaciens
- Who disconnected recombinant DNA technoledge?
(A) Har Gobind Khorana
(B) James Watson & Francis Crick
(C) Stanly Cohen & Herbert Boyer
(D) Watter Sutton
Answer: Stanly Cohen & Herbert Boyer
- Find out the wrong statement ?
(A) Mobile genetic element, Transposons were visualized by Barbara Mc Clintock
(B) Udder cell a somatic cell is used to produce the cloned sheep by nuclear transplantation method
(C) Dr. Ian Wilmut produced a cloned sheep called Dolley
(D) DNA ligases are used to cleave a DNA molecule
Answer: DNA ligases are used to cleave a DNA molecule
- One of the key factors which makes the plasmid the vector in genetic engineering is that
(A) It is resistant to antibiotics
(B) It is resistant to restriction enzymes
(C) Its ability to carry a foreign gene
(D) Its ability to cause infection in the host
Answer: Its ability to carry a foreign gene
- Which of the following is used as a best genetic vector in plants
(A) Bacillus thurienglnesis
(B) Agrobacterium thumifaciens
(C) Psendomonas putida
(D) All of the above
Answer: Agrobacterium thumifaciens
- The polymerase chain reaction is a technique that
(A) It is used for in vivo replication of DNA
(B) It is used for in vivo synthesis of mRNA
(C) It is used for in vitro synthesis of mRNA
(D) It is used for in vitro replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase.
Answer: It is used for in vitro replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase.
- The construction of the first recombinant DNA was done by using the native plasmid of
(A) E coli
(B) Salmonella typhimurium
(C) Bacillus thuringiensis
(D) Agrobacterium
Answer: Salmonella typhimurium
- Gel electrophoresis is used for
(A) Construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
(B) Isolation of DNA molecules
(C) Cutting of DNA is to fragments
(D) Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
Answer: Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
- Significant of ‘heat shoch’ method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate ?
(A) Binding of DNA to the cell wall
(B) Update of DNA through membrane transport proteins
(C) Update of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall
(D) Expression of antibiotic resistant gene
Answer: Update of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall
- Which of the following palindromic bare sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme.
(A) 5’CACGTA 3’ : 3’CTCAGT 5’
(B) 5’CGTTCG 3’ : 3’ATGGTA 5’
(C) 5’GATATC 3’ : 3’CTACTA 5’
(D) 5’GAATTC 3’ : CTTAAG 5’
Answer: 5’GAATTC 3’ : CTTAAG 5’
- Agarose extracted from sea weeds in used in
(A) Spectrophotometry
(B) Tissue culture
(C) PCR
(D) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: Gel electrophoresis
- Which one of the following technique made it possible to genetically engineered living organisms?
(A) Recombinant DNA technique
(B) X-ray diffraction
(C) Heavier isotope labelling
(D) Hybridization
Answer: Recombinant DNA technique
- There is a restriction endonucleare called EcoRI. What does ‘co’ part in it stand for?
(A) Colon
(B) Coelom
(C) Coenzyme
(D) Coli
Answer: Coli
- The DNA fragments have sticky ends due to
(A) Endonuclease
(B) Unpaired bases
(C) Calcium ions
(D) Free methylation
Answer: Unpaired bases
- Plasmids are used as cloning vectors for which of the following reasons?
(A) Can be multiplied in culture
(B) Self-replication in bacterial cells
(C) Can be multiplied in laboratories with the help of enzymes
(D) Replicate freely outside bacterial cells
Answer: Can be multiplied in laboratories with the help of enzymes
- The human genome project was launched in the year
(A) 1980
(B) 1973
(C) 1990
(D) 1989
Answer: 1990
- The vaccines prepared through recombinant DNA technology are
(A) Third generation vaccines
(B) First-generation vaccines
(C) Second-generation vaccines
(D) None
Answer: Third generation vaccines
- Which is a genetically modified crop?
(A) Bt-cotton
(B) Bt-brinjal
(C) Golden rice
(D) All
Answer: All
- PCR technique was invented by
(A) Karry Mullis
(B) Boyer
(C) Sanger
(D) Cohn
Answer: Karry Mullis
- The first transgenic plant to be produced is
(A) Brinjal
(B) Tobacco
(C) Rice
(D) Cotton
Answer: Tobacco
- RNA interference helps in
(A) Cell proliferation
(B) Micropropagation
(C) Cell defence
(D) Cell differentiation
Answer: Cell defence
- Which of the following is the quality of improved transgenic basmati rice?
(A) Gives high yield but no characteristic aroma
(B) Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
(C) Does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones
(D) Resistant to insects and diseases
Answer: Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
- The first clinical application of gene therapy over a 4 year old girl was for
(A) Adenosine deaminase deficiency
(B) Adenosine deficiency
(C) Growth deficiency
(D) Adenine deficiency
Answer: Adenosine deaminase deficiency
- Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which
(A) Make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule
(B) Recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase
(C) Restrict the actions of the enzyme DNA polymerase
(D) Remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecules
Answer: Make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule
- Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for
(A) Addition of preservatives to the products
(B) Purification of the product
(C) Ensuring anaerobics conditions in the culture vessel
(D) Availability of oxygen throughout the process
Answer: Availability of oxygen throughout the process
- Which of the following are used in gene cloning?
(A) Nucleoids
(B) Lomasomes
(C) Mesosomes
(D) Plasmids
Answer: Plasmids
- In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (Gene) of interest, is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider the following four agents (i-iv) in this regard and select the correct option about which one or more of these can be used as a vector/vectors
i) Bacterium
ii) Plasmid
iii) Plasmodium
iv) Bacteriophage
(A) (i),(ii) & (iv)
(B) (i) only
(C) (i) & (iii)
(D) (ii) & (iv)
Answer: (ii) & (iv)
- Given below is a simple of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands. What is so special shown in it?
5’ GAATTC 3’ 3’ CTTAAG 5’
(A) Replication completed
(B) Deletion mutation
(C) Start condon at the 5’ end
(D) Plindromic sequence of base pairs
Answer: Plindromic sequence of base pairs
- There is a restriction endomolecules called Eco RI. What does “co” part in it stand for ?
(A) Colon
(B) Coelom
(C) Coenzyme
(D) Coli
Answer: Coli
- Agarose extracted from sea weeds is used in
(A) Spectrophotometry
(B) Tissue culture
(C) PCR
(D) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: Gel electrophoresis
- Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms ?
(A) Recombinant DNA techniques
(B) X-ray diffraction
(C) Heavier isotope labeling
(D) Hybridizatiion
Answer: Recombinant DNA techniques
- The given figure is the diagrammatic representation of the E.Coli vector pBR322. Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain components(s) ?
(A) Ori-original restriction enzyme
(B) Rop-reduced osmotic pressure
(C) Hin d III, Eco RI selectable markers
(D) AmpR , tetR – antibiotic resistance genes
Answer: AmpR , tetR – antibiotic resistance genes
- PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism are the methods for
(A) Study of enzymes
(B) Genetic transformations
(C) DNA sequencing
(D) Genetic fingerprints
Answer: Genetic fingerprints
- Excision and insertion of a gene is called
(A) Biotechnology
(B) Genetic engineering
(C) Cytogenetics
(D) Gene therapy
Answer: Genetic engineering
- The expression of a transgene in the target tissue is identified by a
(A) Transgene
(B) Promoter
(C) Enhancer
(D) Reporter
Answer: Reporter
- ———– is used as a vector for cloning into higher organisms
(A) Retrovirus
(B) Baculovirus
(C) Salmonella typhimurium
(D) Rhizopus nigricans
Answer: Retrovirus
- Which bacterium is used in the production of insulin by genetic engineering?
(A) Saccharomyces
(B) Rhizobium
(C) Escherichia
(D) Mycobacterium
Answer: Escherichia
- Restriction endonuclease
(A) Synthesizes DNA
(B) Cuts the DNA molecule randomly
(C) Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites
(D) Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the molecules
Answer: Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites
- Gel electrophoresis is used for
(A) Construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
(B) Isolation of DNA molecules
(C) Cutting of DNA into fragments
(D) Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
Answer: Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
- The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector become possible with
(A) DNA polymerase
(B) Exonucleases
(C) DNA ligase
(D) Endonucleases
Answer: DNA ligase
- Polyethylene glycol method is used for
(A) Biodiesel production
(B) Seedless fruit production
(C) Energy production from swage
(D) Gene transfer without a vector
Answer: Gene transfer without a vector
- Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms ?
(A) Baculovirus
(B) Salmonella typhimurium
(C) Rhizopus nigricans
(D) Retrovirus
Answer: Retrovirus
- DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecules is called
(A) Vector
(B) Probe
(C) Clone
(D) Plasmid
Answer: Probe
- A single stand of nucleic acid tagged tagged with a radioactive molecule is called
(A) Vector
(B) Selectable marker
(C) Plasmid
(D) Probe
Answer: Probe
- For transformation, micro particles coated with DNA to be bombared with gene gun are made up of
(A) Silver or Platinum
(B) Platinum or Zine
(C) Silicon or Platinum
(D) Gold or Tungsten
Answer: Gold or Tungsten
- Biolistics (Gene-gun) is suitable for
(A) Disarming pathogen vectors
(B) Transformation of plant cells
(C) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors
(D) DNA fingerprinting
Answer: Transformation of plant cells
- In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used
(A) As selectable markers
(B) To select healthy vectors
(C) As sequence from where replication starts
(D) To keep the culture free from infection
Answer: As selectable markers
- Restriction enzymes were discovered by
(A) Smith and Nathans
(B) Alexander Fleming
(C) Berg
(D) None
Answer: Smith and Nathans
- Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA with
(A) Ligase
(B) Endonuclease
(C) Exonuclease
(D) Gyrase
Answer: Endonuclease
- Klenow fragment is derived from
(A) DNA Ligase
(B) DNA Pol-I
(C) DNA Pol-II
(D) Reverse Transcriptase
Answer: DNA Pol-I
- Southern blotting is
(A) Attachment of probes to DNA fragments
(B) Transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet
(C) Comparison of DNA fragments to two sources
(D) Transfer of DNA fragments to electrophoretic gel from cellulose membrane
Answer: Transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet
- ELISA is
(A) Using radiolabelled second antibody
(B) Usage of RBCs
(C) Using complement-mediated cell lysis
(D) Addition of substrate that is converted into a coloured end product
Answer: Addition of substrate that is converted into a coloured end product
- The Golden Rice variety is rich in
(A) Vitamin C
(B) Β-carotene and ferritin
(C) Biotin
(D) Lysine
Answer: Β-carotene and ferritin
- A singe strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecules is called
(A) Vector
(B) Selectable marker
(C) Plasmid
(D) Probe
Answer: Probe
- Which one of the following is a case of wrong matching ?
(A) Somatic Hybridization- Fusion of two diverse cells
(B) Vector DNA- Site for tRNA synthesis
(C) Micropropagation- in vitro production of plants in large numbers
(D) Callus- Unorganised mass of cells produced in tissue culture
Answer: Vector DNA- Site for tRNA synthesis
- Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR ?
(A) It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipients cells
(B) It serves as a selectable marker
(C) It is isolated from a virus
(D) It remains active at high temperature
Answer: It remains active at high temperature
- For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of
(A) Silver or platinum
(B) Platinum or zinc
(C) Silicon or platinum
(D) Gold or trungsten
Answer: Gold or trungsten
- Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable
(A) Disarming pathogen vector
(B) Transformation of plant cells
(C) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors
(D) DNA fingerprinting
Answer: Transformation of plant cells
- In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used
(A) As selectable markers
(B) To select healthy vectors
(C) As sequence from where replication starts
(D) To keep the culture free of infection
Answer: As selectable markers
- Which one of the following represents a palindromic sequence in DNA ?
(A) 5’-GAATTC-3 3’-CTTAAG-5’
(B) 5’-CCAATG-3’
(C) 3’-GAATCC-5’
(D) 5’-CATTAG-3’ 3’-GATAAC-5’
Answer: 5’-GAATTC-3 3’-CTTAAG-5’
- The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non- recombinant bacteria because of
(A) Insertional inactivation of alpha galactosidese in recombinant bacteria
(B) Inactivation of glycosides enzyme in recombinant bacteria
(C) Non-recombinant bacteria containing beta galactosidase
(D) Insertional inactivation of alpha galactosidase
Answer: Non-recombinant bacteria containing beta galactosidase
- Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
(A) Algae – Methylase
(B) Fungi – Chitinase
(C) Bacteria – Lysozyme
(D) Plant cells – Cellulase
Answer: Algae – Methylase
- DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by
(A) Electrophoresis
(C) Centrifugation
(B) Restriction mapping
(D) Polymerase chain reaction
Answer: Electrophoresis
Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ for NEET PDF Download
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Categories: Biology, Chapter 11: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes, Class 12
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