Are you looking for Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Questions and Answers for NEET and other medical entrance examinations? If yes, these are some most important multiple choice questions and answers on NCERT Class-12 Biology, Chapter-2 (Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants).
We prepared these 100+ MCQs and Answers after reading the NCERT book on Class 12 Biology. The questions are topics-wise and the students can relate the questions easily to the most important topics of this chapter.
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is a complex process that involves the fusion of two gametes to produce a new organism. In this blog post, we will answer some common questions about sexual reproduction in plants. We will also provide some tips for studying for the NEET exam.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants NEET MCQ and Answers
1. What is the reproductive unit in angiosperms?
a) Flowers
b) Stalk
c) Pedicel
d) Leaf
Answer: a
2. What are the four whorls of the flower arranged on?
a) Ovaries
b) Stem
c) Petals
d) Thalamus
Answer: d
3. Why are petals unique in shape, odor, color, etc.?
a) Attraction
b) Pollination
c) Survival
d) Protection
Answer: b
4. What is a collection of sepals?
a) Calyx
b) Corolla
c) Petals
d) Style
Answer: a
5. Anthers and filaments form the _____
a) gynoecium
b) calyx
c) androecium
d) corolla
Answer: c
6. What is self-pollination?
a) Pollens of a flower falling on another flower
b) Pollens of a flower falling on the stigma of the same flower
c) Pollens of the flower falling of the stigma of another flower of the same plant
d) Pollens of a flower falling on any flower
Answer: b
7. What does the androecium produce?
a) Spores
b) Microspores
c) Egg
d) Ovules
Answer: b
Structure of Stamen MCQ and Answers
8. What is androecium?
a) Stamens
b) Carpels
c) Corolla
d) Sepals
Answer: a
9. In Malvaceae anthers are _________
a) dithecous
b) trithecous
c) polythecous
d) monothecous
Answer: d
10. The 2 lobes of the anther are attached together by a sterile _______ tissue.
a) spongy
b) parenchymatous
c) schlerenchyma
d) pedicel
Answer: b
11. What does a connective possess?
a) Vascular strand
b) Parenchyma
c) Spongy cells
d) Corolla
Answer: a
12. How do the pollen grains break open from the pollen sacs?
a) Along the connective
b) Line of dehiscence
c) Grooves
d) Crack
Answer: b
13. What are pollen sacs called?
a) Pollen sacs
b) Microspores
c) Microsporangia
d) Ovules
Answer: c
Structure of Microsporangium MCQ and Answers
14. What is young anther made up of?
a) Meristematic cells
b) Parenchyma
c) Pores
d) Seeds
Answer: a
15. What are the meristematic cells in young anther, surrounded by?
a) Pores
b) Parenchyma
c) Meristematic tissue
d) Epidermis
Answer: d
16. Epidermis, Endothecium, Middle layers, Tapetum are ______
a) pollen sac layers
b) wall of anther
c) pollen grain layers
d) epidermal
Answer: b
17. What are the 2 parts of the pollen sac?
a) Spongy and parenchyma cells
b) Outer wall and central tissue
c) Schlerenchyma and parenchyma cells
d) Outer wall and parenchyma cells
Answer: b
18. How does the outer 3 layers help young anthers?
a) Osmosis
b) active transport
c) Nutrients and water
d) Protection
Answer: d
19. Which two layers of the anther wall contain large cells?
a) Epidermis and Endothecium
b) Endothecium and Middle layers
c) Endothecium and Tapetum
d) Epidermis and Tapetum
Answer: c
20. What is the endothecium also called as?
a) Vascular strand
b) Fibrous layer
c) Middle layer
d) Hyperdermal layer
Answer: b
21. What constitutes the stomium?
a) Pollen sacs
b) Hypodermal cells
c) Microsporangia
d) Meristematic cells
Answer: b
Structure of a Pollen Grain MCQ and Answers
22. Pollen grain protoplast is _______
a) large
b) multinucleate
c) porous
d) uninucleate
Answer: d
23. Cytoplasm of the pollen grains are rich in _______
a) starch
b) proteins
c) minerals
d) vitamins
Answer: a
24. Wall of pollen grain is called as ________
a) sporopollenin
b) sporoderm
c) stomium
d) tapetum
Answer: b
25. Intine is ____ in nature.
a) starchy
b) parenchymatous
c) pectocellulosic
d) epidermal
Answer: c
26. Exine is made up of ____
a) vascular strands
b) sporopollenin
c) parenchyma
d) meristematic cells
Answer: b
27. Which of the following is a part of the ektexine?
a) Baculate
b) Endothecium
c) Tapetum
d) Epidermis
Answer: a
28. What is palynology?
a) Study of internal morphology of pollens
b) Study of anthers
c) Study of external morphology of pollens
d) Study of young pollens
Answer: c
29. What is exine covered by?
a) Parenchyma
b) Paracellulose
c) Pollen
d) Pollenkit
Answer: d
Properties of Pollen Grains MCQ and Answers
30. Pollen viability is ____
a) ability to germinate
b) time taken to mature
c) dehiscence
d) senescence
Answer: a
31. Pollen grains can be stored in _____
a) liquid oxygen
b) liquid hydrogen
c) liquid ozone
d) liquid nitrogen
Answer: d
32. _____ species produces large number of pollens.
a) Leguminosae
b) Rosacea
c) Anemophilous
d) Solanaceae
Answer: c
33. One of the major contributors to pollen allergy is ____
a) lawn grass
b) carrot grass
c) wheat grass
d) paddy
Answer: b
34. Pollen grain is also known as ______
a) microspore
b) microsporangium
c) megaspore
d) megasporangium
Answer: a
35. Why are pollens spiny?
a) Fertilization
b) Easy pollination
c) To attach to bodies of insects
d) Appearance
Answer: c
36. Which nutrients do the pollen grains contain the most?
a) Vitamins
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Carbohydrates
Answer: d
Structure of Pistil MCQ and Answers
37. What represents the female part of the flower
a) Androecium
b) Corolla
c) Calyx
d) Gynoecium
Answer: d
38. What does syncarpous mean?
a) Fused carpels
b) Fused corolla
c) Fused androecium
d) Fused sepals
Answer: a
39. What is a pistil?
a) Androecium
b) Gynoecium
c) Stigma
d) Ovaries
Answer: b
40. How to identify the ovary?
a) Multiple layers
b) Thin and short
c) Long tube-like structure
d) Basal swollen part
Answer: d
41. What does the stigma do?
a) Compatibility test
b) Support
c) Connection
d) Reproduce
Answer: a
42. In which condition should the ovaries be free?
a) Apoptosis
b) Apocarpous
c) Syncarpous
d) Adephalous
Answer: b
43. What are locules?
a) Holes
b) Walls
c) Chambers
d) Ovaries
Answer: c
44. What is a placenta?
a) Cells
b) Parenchymatous cushion
c) Layers
d) Ovary
Answer: b
45. Papaver is ______
a) apocarpous
b) adelophelous
c) syncarpous
d) apoptosis
Answer: c
Structure of Megasporangium MCQ and Answers
46. What is a megasporangium?
a) Pistil
b) Carpel
c) Ovule
d) Stigma
Answer: c
47. Angiosperm ovules are generally ______
a) pinkish
b) brownish
c) greenish
d) whitish
Answer: d
48. Where do the ovules grow?
a) Flower
b) Gynoecium
c) Stigma
d) Placenta
Answer: d
49. What is the stalk called?
a) Carpel
b) Sepal
c) Funicle
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: c
50. In a typical anatropous, the funicle is ____ with the ovary.
a) detached
b) fused
c) above
d) different
Answer: b
51. Mass of parenchymatous cells on the body of the ovary is also called ______
a) nucellus
b) meristematic cell
c) tegument
d) ovule
Answer: a
52. What is ategmic?
a) Presence of 1 tegument
b) Presence of 3 teguments
c) Absence of integuments
d) Presence of 2 teguments
Answer: c
53. Passage at one end of the ovary is called as _______
a) micropyle
b) funicle
c) chalaza
d) hilum
Answer: a
54. Origin of integuments are _____
a) funicle
b) hilum
c) micropyle
d) chalaza
Answer: d
Structure of Embryo Sac MCQ and Answers
55. Which half is the embryo sac embedded?
a) Funicle
b) Ovule
c) Micropylar
d) Chalaza
Answer: c
56. ________ distinguished between bisporic and tetrasporic.
a) Mendel
b) Nirenburg
c) Maheshwari
d) Kvitova
Answer: c
57. ______ apparatus is a mass of finger like projections on the synergid wall.
a) Egg
b) Chalaza
c) Micropylar
d) Filiform
Answer: d
58. How do the 3 cells of the egg apparatus communicate?
a) Plasmodesmata
b) Nucellus
c) Cytokine
d) Vacuole
Answer: a
59. What are 3 chalazal cells called?
a) Synergids
b) Antipodal cells
c) Polar nuclei
d) Chalaza
Answer: b
60. Which is the largest cell of the embryo sac?
a) Chlazal cells
b) Micropylar cells
c) Synergids
d) Central cell
Answer: d
Pollination and its Types MCQ and Answers
61. Transfer of pollen grains to the stigma of a pistil is termed _______
a) fertilization
b) pollination
c) maturation
d) transfer
Answer: b
62. _______ flowers are invariably autogamous as there is no chance of cross pollen landing on the stigma.
a) Cleistogamous
b) Chasmogamous
c) Anephalous
d) Autogamous
Answer: a
63. _______ is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.
a) Geitonogamy
b) Cleistogamy
c) Autogamy
d) Xenogamy
Answer: d
64. _______ is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.
a) Cleistogamy
b) Autogamy
c) Geitonogamy
d) Xenogamy
Answer: c
65. ________ flowers produce assured seed set even in the absence of pollinator.
a) Cleistogamous
b) Autogamous
c) Chasmogamous
d) Anemophelous
Answer: a
66. In _____ type, pollination is achieved within the same flower.
a) Perrenial
b) Autogamy
c) Cleistogamy
d) Offset
Answer: b
67. In normal flower which opens and exposes the ______ and the stigma, complete autogamy is rare.
a) Stigma
b) Nucellus
c) Anther
d) Style
Answer: c
68. Which of the following do not produce 2 types of flower?
a) Viola
b) Oxalis
c) Hibiscus
d) Commelina
Answer: c
Abiotic Agents of Pollination MCQ and Answers
69. Most common abiotic pollinator is ___
a) water
b) wind
c) soil
d) temperature
Answer: b
70. Pollination by ____ is rare.
a) wind
b) animals
c) soil
d) water
Answer: d
71. Pollination by wind is called ____
a) Autogamy
b) Xenogamy
c) Geitonogamy
d) Anemophily
Answer: d
72. Pollination by water is called ______
a) Cleistogamous
b) Xenogamy
c) Hydrophily
d) Anemophily
Answer: c
73. Zoster is an example of ______
a) pollination by animals
b) pollination by wind
c) pollination by water
d) pollination by birds
Answer: c
74. Which of the following is a dioecious, submerged, fresh water plant?
a) Vallisneria
b) Cannabis
c) Neelakurunji
d) Zoster
Answer: a
75. In ______ pollination takes place on the surface of the water.
a) Hypohydrophily
b) Hydrophylly
c) Epihydrophily
d) Ceratophyllum
Answer: c
76. ______ underwater plant has male and female parts in the same flower.
a) Zostera
b) Ceratophyllum
c) Vallisneria
d) Maize
Answer: b
Biotic Agents of Pollination MCQ and Answers
77. Pollination through animals is ________
a) zoophily
b) pollination
c) hydrophily
d) epihydrophily
Answer: b
78. _______ is one of the most common families that are pollinated by animals.
a) Fabaceae
b) Euphorbiaceae
c) Asteraceae
d) Begoniaceae
Answer: c
79. Pollination by insects is called _____
a) Zoophily
b) Anemophily
c) Epihydrophily
d) Entomophily
Answer: d
80. Which of the following has attractive bracts?
a) Hibiscus
b) Bougainvillea
c) Mimosa
d) Rafflesia
Answer: b
81. Which flower has a flytrap mechanism?
a) Viola
b) Rafflesia
c) Mimosa
d) Hydrilla
Answer: b
82. _______ produces edible pollens.
a) Rosa
b) Hibiscus
c) Viola
d) Rafflesia
Answer: a
83. ______ provides safe place for insects to lay eggs.
a) Stigma
b) Nucellus
c) Amorphophallus
d) Style
Answer: c
84. Pollination by birds is ____
a) Zoophily
b) Entamophily
c) Hypohydrophily
d) Ornithophily
Answer: d
85. _____ provides nursery for moths.
a) Yucca
b) Oxalis
c) Hibiscus
d) Viola
Answer: a
86. Pollination by bats is ______
a) Ornithophily
b) Zoophily
c) Chiropterophily
d) Anmeophily
Answer: c
87. Pollination by snails is _____
a) Zoophily
b) Anemophily
c) Chiropterophily
d) Malacophily
Answer: d
Pollen-Pistil Interaction MCQ and Answers
88. Pollen–pistil interaction determines the ____ of the pollen.
a) compatibility
b) color
c) nature
d) maturation
Answer: a
89. _____ incompatibility prevents cross pollination.
a) Intraspecific
b) Self
c) Interspecific
d) Outbreeding
Answer: c
90. ______ incompatibility promotes cross pollination.
a) Inbreeding
b) Intraspecific
c) Outbreeding
d) Interspecific
Answer: b
91. In ______ self incompatibility, genotype of pollen determines the incompatibility.
a) outbreeding
b) interspecific
c) sporophytic
d) gametophytic
Answer: d
92. In ______ self incompatibility, genotype of pollen does not determine the incompatibility.
a) intraspecific
b) inbreeding
c) sporophytic
d) gametophytic
Answer: c
93. How is the dialogue of pollen rejection maintained in the pistil?
a) Stigma
b) Nucellus
c) Chemicals
d) Style
Answer: c
94. There are ____ present on the stigmatic surface.
a) vitamins
b) proteins
c) polysaccharides
d) disaccharides
Answer: b
95. ____ does not allow the raising of pure lines.
a) Self compatibility
b) Interspecific incompatibility
c) Intraspecific incompatibility
d) Outbreeding
Answer: c
Double Fertilisation MCQ and Answers
96. Double fertilization is seen in _______
a) angiosperms
b) gymnosperms
c) Malaceae
d) Viola
Answer: a
97. In _______, female gametophytes stop their growth at 8 nucleate stages.
a) cleistogamous
b) chasmogamous
c) gymnosperms
d) angiosperms
Answer: d
98. The further growth of embryo takes place when the ______ has been formed.
a) pollen
b) ovule
c) zygote
d) pistil
Answer: c
99. What initiates the formation of endosperms?
a) Fertilization
b) Triple fusion
c) Fusion
d) Double fusion
Answer: b
100. Which 2 scientists stated that endosperms were for reduction of female gametophyte?
a) Chargaff and Franklin
b) Nirenburg and Khoranna
c) Watson and Crick
d) Brink and Cooper
Answer: d
101. The growth of the pollen tube is directed by ______
a) obturator
b) meristem
c) parenchyma
d) schlerenchyma
Answer: a
102. Generative fertilization is also called _____
a) apomixis
b) syngamy
c) vegetative fertilization
d) senescence
Answer: b
103. Second fertilization is called ________
a) syngamy
b) apomixis
c) senescence
d) vegetative fertilization
Answer: d
104. Pollen tube is attracted to the _____ end of the embryo sac.
a) micropylar
b) hilum
c) synergid
d) generative
Answer: a
Structure of Endosperm MCQ and Answers
105. Endosperm development precedes ____ development.
a) pollen tube
b) nuclei
c) embryo
d) micropyle
Answer: c
106. The ______ undergoes successive nuclear divisions to give rise to free nuclei.
a) CNS
b) PEN
c) SEN
d) SNE
Answer: b
107. Coconut water is ______ endosperm.
a) free-nuclear
b) cellular
c) PEN
d) nuclei
Answer: a
108. Endosperm is meant for ______
a) protection
b) transduction
c) nourishment
d) respiration
Answer: c
109. In _______, the endosperm is a special tissue which is formed as a result of vegetative fertilization.
a) gymnosperms
b) angiosperms
c) dichosperms
d) parenchyma
Answer: b
110. Endosperm receives food supply form the _______
a) nucleus
b) nucellus
c) micropyle
d) hilum
Answer: b
111. Which is the most common type of endosperm?
a) Cellular
b) Helobial
c) Single
d) Nuclear
Answer: d
112. In _______ endosperm, every division is followed by cytokinesis.
a) cellular
b) helobial
c) nuclear
d) single
Answer: a
113. Helobial occurs in ____
a) dicots
b) monocots
c) leaves
d) flowers
Answer: b
Structure of Monocot and Dicot Embryo MCQ and Answers
114. The early globular embryo is the _______
a) proembryo
b) prembryo
c) endosperm
d) nuclei
Answer: a
115. ______ is the process formation of zygote to an embryo.
a) Fertilization
b) Syngamy
c) Embryogenesis
d) Blastosis
Answer: c
116. How does a typical dicot divide?
a) Elongates and then divides
b) Compresses and then divides
c) Normal division
d) Doesn’t divide
Answer: a
117. The last cell of the suspensor (in dicots) is ______
a) hyperphysis
b) hypophysis
c) haustorium
d) antipodal
Answer: b
118. The first cell of the suspensor (in dicots) functions as a ______
a) hyperphysis
b) hypophysis
c) haustorium
d) antipodal
Answer: c
119. The part of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is called ____
a) hypocotyl
b) haustorium
c) hypophysis
d) epicotyl
Answer: d
120. In monocots, _______ grows rapidly.
a) plumule
b) radicle
c) coleorhiza
d) scutellum
Answer: d
121. Lower end of the embryonal axis in monocots is enclosed within ______
a) scutellum
b) coleorhiza
c) plumule
d) radicle
Answer: b
122. Epicotyl, in monocots, has a few leaf primordia enclosed within _______
a) coleorhiza
b) coleoptile
c) scutellum
d) hypophysis
Answer: b
Structure of Seed MCQ and Answers
123. ___ divide after endosperm formation.
a) Zygote
b) Hilum
c) Micropyle
d) Cuticle
Answer: a
124. Embryogeny occurs at _______ end.
a) hilum
b) hypophysis
c) asix
d) microplylar
Answer: d
125. The larger basal cells in dicots are called the _____ cells.
a) suspensor
b) basal
c) hypophytic
d) micropylar
Answer: a
126. The outer layer in dicots is called _____
a) procambium
b) ground meristem
c) protoderm
d) proembryo
Answer: c
127. In dicots, the epidermis is formed by the _______
a) procambium
b) ground meristem
c) protoderm
d) proembryo
Answer: c
128. In ______, the embryo remains in the globular form.
a) viola
b) orobanche
c) alstroemeria
d) dianthus
Answer: b
129. In monocots, the ____ end produces the suspensor cells.
a) micropylar
b) hilum
c) coleoptile
d) coleorhiza
Answer: a
130. In monocots, the suspensor cell may function as a ______
a) micropyle
b) hilum
c) haustorium
d) endosperm
Answer: c
Apomixis and Polyembryony MCQ and Answer
131. Formation of individuals without fusion is called ________
a) fertilization
b) pollination
c) apomixis
d) amphimixis
Answer: c
132. Formation of individuals through fusion is called _____
a) amphimixis
b) apomixis
c) pollination
d) dehiscence
Answer: a
133. _______ produce seeds without fertilization.
a) Hibiscus
b) Rafflesia
c) Asteraceae
d) Familiceae
Answer: c
134. In 1908 ________ termed the term apomixis.
a) Schnarf
b) Ernst
c) Mendel
d) Winkler
Answer: d
135. ______ may be defined as occurrence of two or more embryos in one ovule.
a) Polyembryony
b) Nucellus
c) Parthenocarps
d) Embryogenesis
Answer: a
136. ______ noticed polyembryony in orange seeds.
a) Ernst
b) Winkler
c) Schnarf
d) Leeuwenhoek
Answer: a
137. The true or false polyembryony analogy of embryos is given by ______
a) Ernst and Schnarf
b) Winkler and Schnarf
c) Ernst and Winkler
d) Leeuwenhoek and Ernst
Answer: a
138. Nucellar adventive polyembryony is of great significance in _______
a) aquaculture
b) pisciculture
c) apiculture
d) horticulture
Answer: d
Sexual reproduction is a process that involves the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ, or stamen, to the female reproductive organ, or pistil, of a flower. The pollen grain then grows a tube down the length of the pistil, where it fertilizes the ovules or eggs. The ovules develop into seeds, and the flower produces a fruit that contains the seeds.
Flowering plants are the largest group of plants on Earth, and they play an important role in the pollination of other plant species. Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred from the male reproductive organ to the female reproductive organ, and it is essential for the reproduction of most plants.
flowering plants have evolved a variety of mechanisms to ensure that pollen is transferred efficiently from the male to the female reproductive organs. These mechanisms include the use of specialized pollen-collecting organs, such as the pollinia of orchids; the production of large quantities of pollen, as in the case of maples; and the development of highly attractive flowers, such as those of roses.
The transfer of pollen can also be assisted by animals, such as bees, butterflies, and bats, which are attracted to the flowers by their bright colors, sweet smells, and nectar.
FAQs on Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
1. What is sexual reproduction?
Answer: Sexual reproduction is the process by which plants produce offspring that inherit a combination of traits from both parents. This process usually involves the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organs (stamen) to the female reproductive organs (pistil).
2. What is pollination?
Answer: Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred from the male reproductive organs to the female reproductive organs. This process is essential for sexual reproduction in most plants.
3. What is the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination?
Answer: Self-pollination is when the pollen from the male reproductive organs fertilizes the female reproductive organs of the same plant. Cross-pollination is when the pollen from the male reproductive organs fertilizes the female reproductive organs of a different plant.
4. What are the benefits of cross-pollination?
Answer: Cross-pollination usually results in more diverse and hardy offspring. This is because the offspring inherit a combination of traits from both parents. This can be advantageous if one parent is better suited to a particular environment than the other.
5. What are the disadvantages of self-pollination?
Answer: Self-pollination can lead to inbreeding and can decrease the overall health of the offspring. This is because the offspring inherit the same genetic material from both parents. This can lead to genetic defects and health problems.