Are you looking for Structure and Function of Ecosystem MCQs and Answers for medical entrance examinations? If yes, these are some most important multiple choice questions and answers on NCERT Class-12 Biology, Chapter-14 (Ecosystem).
Here we composed these Structure and Function of Ecosystem MCQs and Answers after reading the chapter on Ecosystem from the NCERT book on Class 12 Biology. The questions are topics-wise and the students can relate the questions easily to the most important topics of this chapter.
Structure and Function of Ecosystem MCQs and Answers
1. In which of the following aspect do the components of the ecosystem seem to function as a unit?
a) Community
b) Productivity
c) Speciation
d) Niche
Answer: b
2. In which of the following aspect do the components of the ecosystem are seen to function as a unit?
a) Speciation
b) Community
c) Niche
d) Decomposition
Answer: d
3. In which of the following aspect do the components of the ecosystem are seen to function as a unit?
a) Community
b) Speciation
c) Energy flow
d) Niche
Answer: c
4. In which of the following aspect do the components of the ecosystem are seen to function as a unit?
a) Niche
b) Community
c) Speciation
d) Nutrient cycle
Answer: d
5. Which of the following is an abiotic component of a pond?
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Water
d) Fishes
Answer: c
6. Which of the following climatic conditions regulate the functioning of a pond?
a) Fishes
b) Temperature
c) Plants
d) Planktons
Answer: b
7. Which of the following is an autotrophic component of a pond?
a) Fungi
b) Fishes
c) Submerged plants
d) Water
Answer: c
8. Which of the following is an autotrophic component of a pond?
a) Fungi
b) Phytoplankton
c) Water
d) Fishes
Answer: b
9. Which of the following is the consumer of a pond ecosystem?
a) Fungi
b) Sunlight
c) Water
d) Zooplankton
Answer: d
10. What can be visualized as a functional unit of nature?
a) Humans
b) Ecosystem
c) Vehicles
d) Plants
Answer: b
11. What are the two basic categories of an ecosystem?
a) Aquatic and terrestrial
b) Aquatic and forest
c) Ponds and lakes
d) Rivers and forests
Answer: a
12. What is the characteristic of each type of ecosystem?
a) Interaction between living things
b) Interaction between biotic and abiotic factors
c) Interaction between abiotic factors
d) Fights among individuals
Answer: b
13. What is the horizontal distribution of different species occupying different levels?
a) Stratification
b) Niche
c) Ecosystem
d) Zonation
Answer: d
14. What is the spatial pattern that occurs vertically called?
a) Zonation
b) Ecosystem
c) Stratification
d) Niche
Answer: c
15. Which of the following is the decomposer of a pond ecosystem?
a) Fungi
b) Zooplankton
c) Phytoplankton
d) Aquatic plants
Answer: a
16. From where do autotrophs obtain energy?
a) Ecosystem
b) Sunlight
c) Heterotrophs
d) Zooplankton
Answer: b
17. The phytoplankton, zooplankton, and the fungi are components of which ecosystem?
a) Pond
b) Land
c) Desert
d) Terrestrial
Answer: a
18. Who reuses the decomposed dead matter?
a) Zooplankton
b) Autotrophs
c) Heterotrophs
d) Flagellates
Answer: b
19. Who consumes the autotrophic components?
a) Trees
b) Plant
c) Phytoplankton
d) Heterotrophs
Answer: d
20. What is the movement of energy towards the higher trophic levels and its distribution and loss as heat to the lower trophic levels in the environment?
a) Multi-directional
b) Bi-directional
c) Uni-directional
d) No directionAnswer: c
FAQs on Structure and Function of Ecosystem
Q1. How do ecosystems work?
Answer: Ecosystems are complex systems of interconnected organisms and their physical environment. These systems can be as large as a forest or as small as a backyard garden. In general, ecosystems can be categorized into two types: terrestrial (land-based) and aquatic (water-based). Within these two types, there are further sub-categories, such as freshwater (lakes, rivers, etc.) and saltwater (ocean). Each ecosystem has its own unique set of conditions, including climate, soil type, topography, and the types of plants and animals that live there. All of these factors affect the way energy and materials move through the system. For example, in a forest ecosystem, trees capture sunlight and convert it into energy that is used by plants and animals. Leaves fall to the ground and decompose, releasing nutrients that are used by plants. Animals eat plants and other animals, and their waste provides nutrients for plants. In this way, energy and materials are constantly recycled through the system.
Q2. What are the components of an ecosystem?
Answer: The components of an ecosystem can be broadly divided into two categories: biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living). Biotic components include all of the living organisms in an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and bacteria. These organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment to create the conditions that support life. Abiotic components include all of the non-living factors in an ecosystem, such as sunlight, temperature, water, air, and soil. These factors can affect the way energy and materials move through the system.
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Categories: Biology Class-12
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